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The 1982 Spanish general election was held on Thursday, 28 October 1982, to elect the 2nd Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. At stake were all 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies and 208 of 254 seats in the Senate. This was a snap election, since new elections were not due until early 1983.〔Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1817 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7〕 The election was held amid a climate of massive vote movements as a result of the parties' varying evolution. The ruling Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) was undergoing a process of fast internal breakdown and infighting. The election itself had to be held earlier than anticipated due to Prime Minister Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo being unable by mid-1982 to command a large enough majority in the Congress of Deputies (out of the 168 seats won by the UCD in the 1979 election, only 124 remained under effective UCD allegiance in the summer of 1982 as a result of defections and splits). After the blow of the 1982 Andalusian election results in which the party was not even able to become the main opposition party, opinion polls had shown that UCD was heading for collapse of its party vote nationally and to become the third political force in the country in the event of a general election. PM Calvo-Sotelo stepped down as his party's candidate and announced his intention not to seek a new term in office, and after a troubled internal election process Landelino Lavilla was selected as new party leader. The opposition Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), led by Felipe González, had sought after its 1979 defeat to turn itself into a mainstream modern social democratic party, abandoning its remaining Marxist principles in order to appeal to a broader electorate, moving away from its traditional left-wing stance. By 1982, the PSOE was leading all opinion polls with margins ranging into the twenties, all but assuring an election win October and with the only doubt cast being whether the party would attain an absolute majority of seats and the size of it. With a campaign centered in the country's need for political change, González asked voters to award a strong-enough absolute majority to the first centre-left government in Spain in 40 years. The PSOE won the general election with a landslide victory, winning 48.11% of the vote, 202 of the 350 in the Congress and 134 of the 208 electable seats in the Senate. It became the most-voted party in 40 out of the 50 provinces, plus Ceuta and Melilla, as well as in 15 out of the 17 regions. The UCD, on the other hand, was decimated as a result of the election. It lost 93% of its 1979 seats and roughly 80% of its 1979 vote — one of the worst defeats ever suffered by a western European governing party. The right-wing People's Alliance (AP), led into the election by former Minister Manuel Fraga, benefitted greatly from the UCD's losses, becoming Spain's second political force and the main opposition party to the Socialists with slightly over 100 seats and 26.36% of the vote. Former Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez' party, the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) which had split from the UCD in the 1982 summer, made a modest entry into the Congress with 2 seats and 2.87% of the vote, while the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) vote plummeted, suffering from tactical voting to the PSOE. Turnout was exceptionally high for a Spanish general election; at 79.97%, it is the highest turnout recorded in a general election held in Spain to date. It was also the last general election to be held in a day other than Sunday. ==Overview== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spanish general election, 1982」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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